• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a combine harvester (10) with an inclined conveyor (18), a threshing device with a threshing drum (20) and a concave (21), and a cleaning device (34) for cleaning the threshing concave (21) separated crop parts. It is proposed that a re-threshing device (82) be arranged between the concave (21) and the cleaning device (34) for re-threshing the crop portions separated by the concave (21).
    公开号:BE1021334B1
    申请号:E2012/0805
    申请日:2012-11-28
    公开日:2015-10-30
    发明作者:Benedikt Poelling
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Combine with a arranged between the threshing and cleaning
    Rethresher.
    description
    The invention relates to a combine harvester with a feeder, a threshing device arranged downstream of the feeder with a threshing drum and a concave and a cleaning device for cleaning the separated parts of the harvest by the threshing concave.
    State of the art
    Combine harvesters use a processing process to separate the crop between fruits (comm) and crop residue, in which the crop is first threshed and the threshed crop is then subjected to a separation process. The Emtegutanteile deposited during threshing and in the separation process are then freed in a cleaning device of unwanted coffee and small-scale parts. In threshing and hybrid combine threshing (see EP 1 733 610 A1), the threshing is carried out in a tangential threshing mechanism, to which straw shakers or one or two axial separating drums follow for the separation process. In Axialhähdreschern the threshing and separating process by means of a single Axialdresch- and -trenntrommel. In the cleaning device, the separated Emtegutanteile be directed to reciprocating sieves and subjected to an air flow.
    The maximum throughput of the combine is currently limited by the capacity of the separator, because if the throughputs are too high then the losses, i.e., the losses, will increase. the amount of discharged at the end of the separator on the field, not separated from the crop grains, to an undesirably high degree. It would therefore be desirable to increase the proportion of grains already deposited in the threshing in order to reduce the burden on the separator with grain and thus the losses of the separator. For this purpose, one could increase the size of the opening of the concave, but this would lead to a burden on the cleaning device with not completely threshed ears and excessive loading of the tailings, which prevents proper operation of the combine.
    Object of the invention
    The object underlying the invention is seen in a combine harvester to avoid overloading of the cleaning device with impenetrable ears or at least to reduce the proportion of reaching the cleaning device, ungausgedroschenen ears. solution
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A combine harvester comprises an inclined conveyor, a threshing device arranged downstream of the inclined conveyor with a (tangential or axial) threshing cylinder and a threshing basket, and a cleaning device for cleaning the parts of harvested material deposited by the threshing concave. Between the concave and the cleaning device a Nachdrescheinrichtung for re-threshing the separated by the concave Emtegutanteile is arranged.
    In this way it is achieved that the cleaning device (and thus finally the tailings) is not overloaded with unmanaged ears. As a result, the concave can also be opened further than was customary until then, because the entire ears of corn arising are sufficiently threshed out in the inventive thresher mechanism by their mechanical action and also in cooperation with the free grains already deposited in the threshing unit. Due to the greater proportion of separated in the threshing ears and grains are fewer spikes and grains in the supplied by the threshing of the separator Emtegutanteil, so that the losses of the separator can be reduced or possible with given losses
    Throughput of the separator can be increased.
    The Nachdrescheinrichtung is preferably arranged at the downstream end of a conveyor which spends the separated from the concave Erntegutanteile (ears and Kom) from the concave for cleaning, although it would also be conceivable at the inlet of the conveyor or between the inlet and the outlet of the conveyor or between the concave and the conveyor or between the conveyor and the cleaning device to install.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the conveyor comprises juxtaposed augers, each associated with a Nachdrescheinrichtung. A suitable Nachdrescheinrichtung is designed as Axialdreschanordnung and comprises a frusto-conical body with it attached, protruding threshing elements, which are preferably equipped with friction bars. A housing enclosing the conveyor at the bottom is cylindrical or it also widens in a truncated cone-shaped area in a region below the afterdresser. In this area, the afterdresser can be equipped with friction elements, in particular in the form of threshing bars and openings or closed areas between them. The friction elements may be transverse to the conveying direction or at an acute angle to the conveying direction, i. with a pitch, be arranged.
    The body can be connected by a spring with the conveyor and thus dodge against the force of the spring in the direction of crop flow, in order to avoid blockages at larger Emtegutdurchsätzen (or in the case of the Emtegut recorded stones) blockages.
    In another embodiment, the Nachdrescheinrichtung is designed as a separate Tangentialdreschwerk and is preferably acted upon only from a erstèn, relatively permeable region of the upstream threshing concave with ungrafted crop material.
    Working Example
    In the drawings, three embodiments described in more detail below are shown. It shows:
    1 is a schematic side view of a combine,
    2 is a side view of the threshing drum and concave of the combine harvester of FIG. 1, FIG.
    3 is a perspective view of the concave of Figure 2,
    4 is a perspective view of a conveyor with a first embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung,
    5 is a perspective view of the conveyor of Figure 4 with the following screens of the cleaning device,
    6 is a perspective view of a conveyor with a second embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung, and
    Fig. 7 is a side view of a third embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung.
    1 shows a self-propelled combine harvester 10 with a frame 12, which is supported by wheels 14 on the ground and is moved away from them. The wheels 14 are rotated by means not shown drive means in rotation to the combine 10 z. B. to move over a abzuemtendes field.
    At the front end portion of the combine 10, a harvesting device 16 is connected in the form of a cutting unit to harvest Emtegut of the field and supply it up and behind by a feeder 18 a threshing and separating device. The threshing and separating device comprises a transversely arranged (tangential) threshing drum 20 and a concave 21 associated therewith, to which the harvested crop is first fed. However, it is also conceivable to replace the threshing cylinder 20 by a multi-drum threshing mechanism or to omit it and to use an axial separator which has a threshing section and a separating section. It can be a single Axialabscheider or two (or more) juxtaposed Axialabscheider use. A stripper roller 23 and a turning drum 22 together with a feed housing the threshed Emtegut from the threshing drum 20 and the concave 21 of the separator 24 in the form of an axial separator, instead of which could also occur a straw walker. The separator 24 is driven at its rear by a gearbox 26 which drives it to an internal combustion engine 48. As separator 24 and a straw shaker could be used. In the following, all directions, such as front, rear, above and below refer to the forward direction of travel V of the combine 10th
    Harvest shares (mainly spikes, grains and chaff) which are deposited during the threshing fall on at least one conveyor 30, which feeds them to a preliminary screen 33. Harvest shares, however, emerge from the separator 24, fall on a shaking tray 32, which leads them to passing on the preliminary screen 33. The pre-screen 33 gives the Erntegutanteile on to a cleaning device 34 with superimposed screens 52. The cleaning device 34 is associated with a radial fan 36, which is the Vorsieb 33 and the wires 52, which are all put into a swinging motion, subjected to an air flow to to assist the separation of the chaff from the grain. Purified oil is supplied by means of a hammer auger 38 to an elevator, not shown, which transports it to a comm tank 40. A tailing auger 42 feeds unmanaged ear parts back into the threshing process through another elevator, not shown, be it threshing drum 20, a separate reamer (not shown, but see EP 2 055 178 A2), or one or more of the later described threshers 82. The chaff may be ejected at the back of the cleaner 34 by a rotating chaff spreader or it may be fed to a straw chopper (not shown) for distribution across the field. The cleaned grain from the grain tank 40 can be discharged through a discharge system with cross augers 44 and a discharge conveyor 46.
    The systems mentioned are driven by means of an internal combustion engine 48 and controlled and controlled by an operator from a driver's cab 50. The various devices for threshing, conveying, cleaning and separating are located within the frame 12. Outside the frame 12 is a
    Outer shell, which is mostly hinged. From the separator 24, threshed crop debris (straw) is ejected downwardly through an outlet 65 at the bottom of the rear end of the rearwardly closed housing of the separator 24. *** " They can be fed to a straw chopper (not shown).
    FIGS. 2 and 3 show the threshing cylinder 20 and concave 21. The threshing drum 20 is of conventional construction and comprises circumferentially distributed, axially extending driver elements 66 which are designed as blow bars. The concave 21 comprises lateral cheeks 64, between which two different types of strips 68, 70 extend in relation to the threshing cylinder 20 axial direction. The first type of ledge 68 is present only in the front entrance area 72 of the concave 21, while the second type of ledge 70 is provided only in the rear area 74 of the concave 21. The strips 68 of the first type are each made angled and comprise a first, approximately tangential to the envelope of the driver elements 66 of the threshing cylinder 20 extending leg 76, which, however, opposite to this tangent at an angle α in the direction of rotation of the threshing cylinder 20 of the envelope approaches, and a second leg 78 that extends obliquely forward and downward below the first leg 76 at an acute angle. The first leg 76 thus extends approximately tangentially to the inner edge of the cheeks 64, but is opposite to the inner edge of the cheeks 64 at the angle α in the crop flow direction turned upwards inwardly. The second leg 78 extends in the rear region of the strips 68 obliquely forward and down and includes with the first leg of the mentioned, acute angle. By the angle α is achieved that the Emtegut is accelerated by the first leg 76 in the direction of the threshing drum 20. The crop thus moves in free flight over the openings between the strips 68 of the first type. During this phase of flight the Emtegut is hit by the driver elements 66 of the threshing cylinder 22 and the ears are thrown through the openings between the strips 68 and pass to the conveyor 30th
    The strips 70 of the second type, however, are conventional design, rectangular cross-section and extend approximately radially to the threshing cylinder 20. Through the strips 70 curved basket wires 80 extend in the circumferential direction. However, there are no basket wires between the strips 68 of the first type.
    The strips 68 of the first type are substantially farther apart from each other and spaced from the first strip 70 of the second type than the strips 70 of the second type are spaced apart. It is thereby achieved that not only is grain separated by the strips 68 of the first type, as is done by the strips of the second type 70, but also a considerable proportion of whole ears are deposited, as indicated in the figure 2 in the drawing. In Figures 2 and 3, the concave 21 comprises a total of two strips 68 of the first type. It could also be provided three or four strips 68, depending on the diameter of the threshing drum 20, but not more than four strips 68 are required in the rule.
    Figures 4 and 5 show enlarged views of the conveyor 30 with associated Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82. The conveyor 30 comprises a number of juxtaposed augers 83 with parallel to the forward direction V extending, but rearwardly increasing axes of rotation, at the rear discharge ends respectively coaxial with the screw conveyor 83rd a Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is arranged. The screw conveyors 83 are driven from the rear or the rear.
    The Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82 each comprise a frusto-conical, in the direction of Gutflussrichtung widening body 84 to which a plurality of protruding threshing elements 86 are mounted, as they are commonly used on Axialtrennvorrichtungen (see EP 1 500 323 A2). The threshing elements 86 are composed of a fastening section screwed to the body 84 and friction strips protruding outward therefrom. A housing 88 enclosing the conveyor 30 at the bottom also widens in a truncated cone-shaped region 90 in a region 90 located below the dethreading device 82, where it is equipped with threshing bars 92 and closed regions 94 located therebetween. The threshing ribs 92 extend transversely to the conveying direction, although it would also be possible to bend them with a slope relative to the conveying direction. A spring 96 disposed between the core of the auger 83 and the body 84 of the dethruster 82 biases the body 84 forward so that it can deflect rearward against the force of the spring 96. Frozen by the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 and promoted by the conveyor 30, free grains fall at the outlet at the rear
    However, it would also be possible to replace the closed areas with openings analogous to a threshing concave.
    The mode of operation of the combine harvester 10 is therefore such that whole ears and, to a certain extent, individual grains are deposited to a considerable extent in the front entrance area 72 of the concave 21. In the rear region 74 of the concave 21, however, only grains are deposited. As a result, the burden of the separator 24 is reduced with grains, so that their grain losses are reduced or it is increased at a given loss level possible throughput. The ears are fed by the conveyor 30 of the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 and threshed by the latter a second time, so that the Vorsieb 33 finally (almost) only threshed grains, but only little or no whole ears are fed. In the case of larger Gutdurchsätze or recorded stones, the spring 96 allows the body 84 to escape to the rear, which automatically increases the threshing and prevents blockages and damage.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the regions 90 of the housing 88 which are below the secondary thresher 82 are not conical, but cylindrical. This also applies to upper covers 98 of the Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82 which are hinged by hinges 100 and hinged on the housing 88. Such upper covers 98, but conically analogous to the lower portions 90 of the housing 88 of Figure 5, are preferably also used in the embodiment of Figure 5. However, the actual conveyor 30 with the coils 83 are not covered at the top. The operation of the Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82 of Figure 6 is similar to that of Figure 5.
    In the third embodiment of Figure 7 is a Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 between the Tangentialdrescheinrichtung with threshing drum 20 and concave 21 on the one hand and a conventional conveyor 30 on the other. The Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is thus below the threshing concave 21 and receives only in the first region 72 of the concave 21 deposited Emtegut, which also includes unmanageable ears. The Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is as
    Tangentialdreschwerk equipped with a threshing drum 102 with horizontal and transversely oriented to the forward direction of rotation axes and a fitting to the threshing cylinder 102 friction bottom 104, which preferably has friction strips 106 to provide a relative speed between the friction bottom 104 and the threshing drum 102 and to achieve the desired threshing action. The crop threshed by the threshing device 82 reaches the conveyor 30 and from there to the cleaning device 34.
    It should also be noted that by means of a suitable conveyor, it would be possible to feed the tailings from tailing auger 42 directly (i.e., without processing by a separate reamer, cf EP 2 055 178 A2 or threshing drum 20) to the threshers 82 of all illustrated embodiments. This saves you the Nachdrescher and relieves the threshing cylinder 20th
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. combine harvester (10) with a feederhouse (18), a threshing arranged downstream of the feeder with a threshing drum (20) and a concave (21) and a cleaning device (34) for cleaning the concave through the (21) deposited Emtegutanteile, characterized characterized in that between the thresher basket (21) and the cleaning device (34) a Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) for re-threshing the by the concave (21) deposited Emtegutanteile is arranged.
    [2]
    2. Combine harvester (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) at the downstream end of a conveyor (30) for conveying the threshing concave (21) separated Emtegutanteile to the cleaning device (34) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. combine harvester (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the conveyor (30) juxtaposed augers (83), each of which a Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) is associated.
    [4]
    Combine harvester (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dethreshing device (82) comprises a frusto-conical body (84) with protruding threshing elements (86) attached thereto and preferably provided with friction strips.
    [5]
    5. Combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the body (84) by a spring (96) with the conveyor (30) is connected and can escape against the force of the spring (96) in Gutflussrichtung.
    [6]
    6. combine harvester (10) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the conveyor (30) at the bottom enclosing housing (88) in a below the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) lying region (90) also expanded frusto-conical or is cylindrically shaped.
    [7]
    Combine (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (88) in the below the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) lying region (90) with Dreschleisten (92), which preferably extend transversely to the conveying direction or at an angle thereto and intermediate closed areas (94) or openings.
    [8]
    8. combine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) is designed as Tangentialdreschwerk with a threshing drum (102) and a cooperating friction bottom (104).
    [9]
    9. combine harvester (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concave (21) is designed such that to a considerable extent whole ears are deposited.
    [10]
    10. combine harvester (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) directly with material from a reverse sweep (42) can be acted upon.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102011088543A1|2013-06-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR972690A|1948-09-02|1951-02-01|Claas Maschf Geb|Device for double threshing of cereals|
    US5421777A|1993-07-02|1995-06-06|New Holland North America, Inc.|Tailings return system for combine harvester|
    EP0701772A1|1994-09-17|1996-03-20|New Holland Belgium N.V.|Cleaning means for an agricultural harvesting machine|
    EP2055178A2|2007-10-31|2009-05-06|Deere & Company|Rethreshing system for a combine|
    US7059960B2|2003-07-24|2006-06-13|Deere & Company|Composite threshing element for a combine rotor|
    DE102005027726A1|2005-06-16|2007-01-11|Deere & Company, Moline|Radial fan for a cleaning device for a combine harvester|CN110326432A|2019-08-09|2019-10-15|山东省农作物种质资源中心|A kind of bean threshing machine tool suitable for round beans|
    DE102019125643A1|2019-09-24|2021-03-25|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Combine harvester with residual grain sensor|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201108854|2011-12-14|
    DE102011088543A|DE102011088543A1|2011-12-14|2011-12-14|Combine harvesters for separation between crop grain and crop residue in processing process, has rethresher unit, which is arranged between threshing concave and cleaning unit for repeating threshing through threshing concave|
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